The offshore renewable energy (ORE) sector is rapidly developing in Australia to meet carbon emissions targets. However, new developments in the marine environment pose added risk to threatened species. Here, we assessed the exposure of the Eastern Indian Ocean pygmy blue whale (PBW) to existing threats to inform ORE development. Available spatial data for PBWs (tracking, survey, sightings) were compiled to quantify the relative distribution of PBW across most of its Australian range and existing threats (strike, underwater noise, pollution, entanglement, displacement and climate change) were mapped. High overlap occurred between the PBW distribution and two of the areas declared for ORE development; Indian Ocean and Southern Ocean areas (73 to 100%), although the relative distribution within these was moderate. At least four threats occurred within ORE areas, with the Gippsland Area overlapping with all six threats and with the highest cumulative threat intensity. However, our assessment indicated a relatively low level of exposure of PBWs to existing threats across their Australian distribution, particularly within ORE Areas. Our results and spatial outputs can assist decision-making by informing Government, regulators and proponents by providing information on the presence (and use) of PBW and baseline information of existing threats within ORE areas.